[시사투데이 윤용 기자] 정의용 외교부장관과 서욱 국방부 장관은 18일 서울 종로구 도렴동 외교부청사에서 한미 외교·국방 장관이 참여하는 ‘2+2 회의’를 가졌다. 회의에는 전날 방한한 토니 블링컨 미국 국무부 장관과 로이드 오스틴 국방부 장관이 참석했다.

한미 외교·국방장관들은 이날 공동성명을 통해 "양국 장관들은 70년 전 전장에서 피로 맺어진 한미동맹이 한반도와 인도･태평양 지역의 평화, 안보, 그리고 번영의 핵심축임을 재확인했다"며 "범세계적 위협이 고조되고 있는 상황에서 한미동맹은 그 어느 때보다 중요하다"고 밝혔다. 

이어 "한미동맹은 상호존중과 신뢰, 긴밀한 우정, 강한 인적 유대, 그리고 자유, 민주주의, 인권, 법치 등 공유된 가치들을 기반으로 포괄적이고 범세계적인 협력관계로 발전해왔다"고 평가했다.

한·미 양국 장관은 특히 굳건한 교역관계, 기후위기 대응 협력, 전염병 대응 및 코로나19 이후 경제회복 협조 등 다양한 분야에서 상호보완적이고 미래지향적인 협력을 더욱 증진키로 했다.

블링컨·오스틴 장관은 이번 회담에서 '한미상호방위조약'에 따른 한국 방어와 한미 연합 방위태세 강화에 대한 상호 공약 및 "모든 범주의 역량을 사용한 확장억제 공약"을 재확인했다고 밝혔다.

한·미 양국 장관은 "동맹의 억제 태세를 강화해 나가기로 하고, 연합 훈련･연습을 통해 동맹에 대한 모든 공동 위협에 맞서 합동준비태세를 유지하는 것이 중요하다"고 강조했다.

그러면서 "주한미군이 한반도 및 역내 평화와 안정 유지에 중요한 역할을 지속 수행함에 주목하고, 한미가 공동의 도전 대처에 필요한 전력 태세와 역량을 확보하기 위한 노력을 지속해 나가기로 했다"고 설명했다. 

또 최근 타결된 제11차 한미 방위비분담특별협정(SMA) 관련해선 "한미동맹에 대한 공동의 의지를 상징한다"고 평가한 뒤 한미 간 전시작전통제권 전환과 관련 "'조건 기초한 전환 계획'에 따라 계속 노력해 가기로 했다"고 점도 언급했다.

한·미 양국 장관은 북한 핵·탄도미사일 문제가 한미동맹의 "우선 관심사"로 규정하고 구체적으로 북한의 핵·미사일 개발 중단을 목표로 한 유엔안전보장이사회 결의를 "북한을 포함한 국제사회가 이행하는 게 중요하다"는 점을 확인했다고 했다.

아울러 "한미일 3국 협력의 중요성을 확인했다"면서 "역내 평화, 안보, 그리고 번영을 증진하기 위해 상호 호혜적이고 미래지향적인 협력을 계속해 나가기로 했다"고 강조했다.

한·미 양국 장관은 "역내 안보환경에 대한 점증하는 도전을 배경으로, 한미동맹이 공유 하는 가치는 규범에 기초한 국제질서를 훼손하고 불안정하게 하는 모든 행위에 반대한다는 양국 공약을 뒷받침한다"고 밝혔다.

한미는 평화와 안정을 유지하고, 합법적 교역을 방해받지 않으며, 국제법을 존중한다는 양국 공동의 의지도 거론했다. "한국의 신(新)남방정책과 연계·협력을 통해 '자유롭고 개방된 인도·태평양' 지역을 만들기 위해 협력해 나간다"는 결의를 재차 강조했다.

<다음은 한미 2+2 회담 공동성명 영문>

Joint Statement between the United States of America and the Republic of Korea

President Donald J. Trump hosted Republic of Korea (ROK) President Moon Jae-in at the White House June 29-30 to advance the comprehensive strategic Alliance between the United States and the ROK and deepen the two countries’ friendship. Since its founding, the Alliance has served as a linchpin for security, stability, and prosperity on the Korean Peninsula, in the Asia Pacific, and increasingly around the world. As we mark the 67th anniversary of the outbreak of the Korean War, the U.S. commitment to the ROK’s defense remains ironclad.

President Trump reaffirmed that the United States will defend the ROK against any attack and both presidents remain committed to jointly addressing the threat posed by North Korea. Built on mutual trust and shared values of freedom, democracy, human rights, and rule of law, the U.S.-ROK partnership has never been stronger, and the two leaders pledged to build an even greater Alliance.

Strengthening the U.S.-ROK Alliance

The two leaders affirmed the Alliance’s fundamental mission to defend the ROK through a robust combined defense posture and the enhancement of mutual security based on the U.S.-ROK Mutual Defense Treaty. President Trump reiterated the U.S. commitment to provide extended deterrence to the ROK, drawing on the full range of U.S. military capabilities, both conventional and nuclear. Regular dialogue channels such as the Security Consultative Meeting and the Military Committee Meeting are instrumental in deepening our Alliance.

The two leaders decided to continue the Alliance‘s work to expeditiously enable the conditions-based transfer of wartime operational control of ROK forces. The ROK will continue to acquire the critical military capabilities necessary to lead the combined defense, and detect, disrupt, destroy, and defend against North Korean nuclear and missile threats, including through interoperable Kill-Chain, Korean Air and Missile Defense (KAMD), and other Alliance systems.

The two leaders reaffirmed the U.S.-ROK Alliance commitment to counter the growing threat to peace and security posed by North Korea’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs. To increase coordination on Alliance issues, the Leaders committed our foreign affairs and defense agencies to regularize a “2+2” Ministerial meeting, as well as a high-level Extended Deterrence Strategy and Consultation Group to employ all elements of national power to strengthen extended deterrence.

Maintaining Lock-Step Coordination on our North Korea Policy

President Trump and President Moon pledged to continue to coordinate closely to achieve our shared goal of complete, verifiable, and irreversible denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula in a peaceful manner. The two leaders called on North Korea to refrain from provocative, destabilizing actions and rhetoric, and to make the strategic choice to fulfill its international obligations and commitments.

The two leaders affirmed that North Korea’s nuclear tests and unprecedented number of ballistic missile tests constitute direct violations of multiple United Nations Security Council Resolutions (UNSCRs) and highlight the accelerating threat its programs pose to international peace and security. They affirmed their commitment to fully implement existing sanctions and impose new measures designed to apply maximum pressure on North Korea to compel Pyongyang to cease its provocative actions and return to sincere and constructive talks.

The two leaders also urged all UN member states to swiftly and fully implement UNSCR obligations and took note with appreciation of constructive actions by some countries around the world to exert diplomatic and economic pressure on North Korea to return to credible negotiations on denuclearization. They noted the important role China could play to this end. In addition, the two sides committed to enhance cooperation to combat North Korea’s dangerous and destabilizing malicious cyber activity.

Noting that sanctions are a tool of diplomacy, the two leaders emphasized that the door to dialogue with North Korea remains open under the right circumstances. In reaffirming our two sides’ shared top priority to resolve the nuclear issue, the two leaders emphasized that the United States and the ROK do not maintain a hostile policy toward North Korea and, together with the rest of the international community, stand ready to offer a brighter future for North Korea if it chooses the right path. The two sides decided to closely coordinate on our joint North Korea policy, including how to create conditions necessary for denuclearization talks, through a high-level strategic consultation mechanism. President Trump supported the ROK’s leading role in fostering an environment for peaceful unification of the Korean Peninsula.

The two leaders expressed deep concern about the well-being of the North Korean people, including the egregious human rights violations and abuses committed by the government, and noted their intention to ensure sanctions have minimal impact on North Korea’s vulnerable populations. President Trump supported President Moon’s aspiration to restart inter-Korean dialogue on issues including humanitarian affairs. The two leaders reaffirmed the importance of cooperating with the international community to ensure accountability and achieve substantial progress in North Korea’s deplorable human right situation.

The two leaders reaffirmed their commitment to promote regional relations and enhance U.S.-ROK-Japan trilateral cooperation. The two leaders affirmed that trilateral security and defense cooperation contributes to enhanced deterrence and defense against the North Korean threat. They decided to further develop this cooperation, using established bilateral and trilateral mechanisms. They also underscored the importance of leveraging the U.S.-ROK-Japan trilateral relationship to address global challenges such as cancer research, energy security, women’s empowerment, and cybersecurity. President Trump and President Moon decided to discuss further ways to enhance trilateral cooperation together with Prime Minister Abe at the upcoming U.S.-ROK-Japan Trilateral Summit on the margins of the G20 in July.

Advancing Fair Trade to Promote Economic Growth

President Trump and President Moon committed to foster expanded and balanced trade while creating reciprocal benefits and fair treatment between the two countries. In that regard, the two sides further committed to foster a truly fair and level playing field, including working together to reduce the global overcapacity of such basic materials as steel, as well as non-tariff barriers to trade.

Both sides pledged to work together, as part of the process of the Commercial Dialogue, to promote investment, support entrepreneurs, and facilitate cooperation between the United States and the ROK to boost economic growth and job creation in both countries.

Enhancing Bilateral Cooperation on Other Economic Opportunities

Both sides also committed to work together through the Senior Economic Dialogue to promote and expand cooperation on other economic issues and to explore the enhancement of economic opportunities through a joint public-private forum. Given the role of science, technology, and innovation in driving economic growth, we are enhancing our cooperation in cybersecurity, information and communication technology, and civil space. Highlighting the important economic role women play in our societies, the two sides pledged to launch a bilateral partnership to advance women’s economic empowerment.

Actively Collaborating as Global Partners

President Trump and President Moon affirmed that U.S.-ROK cooperation on global issues is an indispensable and expanding aspect of our Alliance. With respect to global health security collaboration, the two leaders affirmed their support in helping partner countries prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease threats. The two leaders condemned the grave human suffering and violence in Iraq and Syria caused by ISIS, and reaffirmed the strong U.S.-ROK partnership in the Global Coalition to Counter ISIS.

President Trump welcomed the ROK’s commitment to increase humanitarian assistance to countries most affected by terrorism and violent extremism, including its pledge to provide 10 million U.S. dollars for Iraq this year. The two sides underscored the importance of joint efforts by the international community, including the United States and the ROK, to rebuild peace and stability in Afghanistan, and pledged to continue to work together to support the Afghan people and government.

Future of the Alliance

The two leaders shared the view that strong and dynamic ties between our two countries are the foundation of the U.S.-ROK Alliance. They decided to advance future-oriented cooperation through high-level consultations in the areas of economy and trade, renewable and nuclear energy, science and technology, space, environment, health, and defense technology.

President Trump and President Moon affirmed that the United States and the ROK will work together to support and uphold the rules-based order in the Asia-Pacific region. The two leaders affirmed that the strength of the U.S.-ROK Alliance serves as testament to the power of freedom, democracy, human rights, and rule of law, and acknowledged that the future of the two countries is linked through people-to-people ties, with more than 1.7 million Korean Americans in the United States, hundreds of thousands of Americans visiting and working in the ROK each year, and close ties created through cultural programs and student and professional exchanges.

President Trump and President Moon heralded the exemplary nature of the U.S.-ROK Alliance, from strengthening our security by deterring and defending against the North Korea threat, to enhancing strong regional relations, to advancing our economic relationship and expanding our global partnership ? and stated their expectation that the friendship and partnership between the two countries will continue to strengthen and grow for many decades to come.

President Moon invited President Trump to visit the ROK in 2017; President Trump gladly accepted the invitation. The two leaders decided to continue to discuss issues of mutual interests on various occasions, including during international multilateral conferences.